Which circuit design generates the least wasted heat?

The selection of a variable displacement pump with pressure compensation stands out as the most efficient circuit design in terms of minimizing wasted heat. This configuration allows for the pump to adjust its output flow and pressure based on the actual system demand. By varying the displacement in response to the load requirements, the pump operates more closely to its optimal performance point, which in turn reduces unnecessary energy consumption and heat generation.

In systems using pressure relief valves, like the fixed displacement pump option, energy is often wasted when the pump operates at a constant output regardless of actual demand. Excess fluid is allowed to bypass through the relief valve, causing energy loss in the form of heat.

Although a variable displacement pump combined with a pressure relief valve also offers some efficiency improvements, it does not match the effectiveness of pressure compensated systems. The latter specifically adjusts flow rates and pressure in real-time based on load, leading to even less energy expenditure and heat generation.

Load sensing circuits, while also efficient, can introduce additional complexity and potential inefficiency in certain scenarios as they require more monitoring systems, though they strive to optimize the output based on load as well.

Overall, the variable displacement pump with pressure compensation is designed to respond dynamically to changing load conditions, thus generating the least wasted heat compared to the other