What would excessive pressure in a hydraulic system be caused by?

Excessive pressure in a hydraulic system is often due to components failing to function as intended, and a malfunctioning actuator can indeed contribute to an increase in pressure. When an actuator operates improperly, it may not respond to commands correctly, which can lead to hydraulic fluid being trapped or restricted in the system. This may occur because the actuator fails to extend or retract when needed, creating a situation where the pump continues to supply fluid, causing pressure to build up beyond the normal operational levels.

Understanding how actuators influence pressure is crucial, as proper actuator function ensures that fluid flow is directed and controlled accurately, preventing excessive pressure that could damage system components. Other options, like a broken pressure relief valve, could also lead to pressure issues, but the specific scenario of a malfunctioning actuator stands out in terms of directly affecting system dynamics and pressure buildup.