What effect does cavitation have on a pump system?

Cavitation occurs when the pressure of a fluid falls below its vapor pressure, leading to the formation of vapor bubbles. These bubbles then collapse violently when they move into higher pressure areas within the pump. This phenomenon has detrimental effects on the pump system, primarily causing significant wear and tear on the pump's components, such as the impeller and casing.

The rapid creation and collapse of vapor bubbles can result in pitting and erosion of the material, ultimately leading to mechanical failure if not addressed. Therefore, the wear and tear caused by cavitation is an important concern for maintenance and operational efficiency in pump systems. Understanding this process is crucial for millwrights to ensure optimal performance and longevity of pumping equipment.